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【胶质瘤新疗 】科学家开发出治疗恶性胶质瘤的新型疗法

近日,一项刊登在国际杂志Scientific Reports上的研究报告中,来自国外的科学家开发了一种治疗多形性胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)的新型疗法,多形性胶质母细胞瘤是目前最常见且致死性最高的一种原发性...
  近日,一项刊登在国际杂志Scientific Reports上的研究报告中,来自国外的科学家开发了一种治疗多形性胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)的新型疗法,多形性胶质母细胞瘤是目前最常见且致死性最高的一种原发性脑部肿瘤。

恶性胶质瘤治疗新方法

  胶质母细胞瘤患者的5年生存率一般抵御10%,研究者Verbridge指出,目前胶质母细胞瘤的治疗并没有明显被改善,而且并没有疗法可以优先靶向杀灭神经胶质瘤干细胞或弥散的浸润细胞,从而经常导致患者在手术、化疗或放疗法疾病复发。本文研究就描述了一种涉及脉冲电场( Pulsed Electric Fields)的新型疗法,其可以更好地靶向作用并且杀灭恶性细胞,同时还对健康细胞无影响。
  胶质母细胞瘤通常对常规及靶向性的癌症疗法极其耐受,部分是因为肿瘤是由多种不同的癌症细胞组成,患者首次治疗后复发非常常见。本文研究中,研究者Davalos等人依据此前的一项专利设计出了新型的技术,此前专利主要是直接向肿瘤中插入电极来诱导肿瘤细胞出现不可逆的电穿孔(IRE),这种疗法可以成功用于治疗和患者病情相似的犬类脑瘤。
  如今研究者开发了高频率版本的疗法(HFIRE),其可以利用脉冲引发细胞快速破裂,IRE和HFIRE都可以杀死肿瘤细胞,但机制却不同,IRE疗法可以通过感染细胞外膜来促进细胞死亡,而HFIRE则可以促进细胞核崩塌,由于该疗法可以靶向作用细胞核,因此研究者假设,相比正常细胞而言具有较大核的恶性细胞或许存在较低的阈值。
  后期研究中研究人员将通过进行体内实验确定选择性的HFIRE消融疗法发挥功能的机制,研究者认为,将这种疗法同其他疗法相结合或许可以更加有效地杀灭侵袭性的胶质母细胞瘤细胞,从而为患者带来较大的健康效益。
  原文出处:
  Jill W. Ivey, Eduardo L. Latouche,et al.Targeted cellular ablation based on the morphology of malignant cells.Scientific Reports.2015
  Recently, in a research report published in the international journal scientific reports, scientists from abroad developed a new treatment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor.
  The 5-year survival rate of glioblastoma patients is generally resistant to 10%. Researcher verbridge pointed out that at present, the treatment of glioblastoma has not been significantly improved, and there is no treatment that can preferentially target to kill glioma stem cells or diffuse infiltrating cells, which often leads to the recurrence of patients in surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. This study describes a new therapy involving pulsed electric fields, which can better target and kill malignant cells, but also has no effect on healthy cells.
  Glioblastoma is usually extremely resistant to conventional and targeted cancer therapy, in part because the tumor is composed of a variety of different cancer cells, and recurrence is very common after the first treatment. In this study, researcher Davalos and others designed a new technology based on a previous patent, which was mainly to insert electrodes directly into tumors to induce irreversible electroporation (IRE) of tumor cells, which can be successfully used to treat canine brain tumors similar to patients' conditions.
  Now researchers have developed a high-frequency version of therapy (hfire), which can use pulse to cause rapid cell rupture. Both ire and hfire can kill tumor cells, but the mechanism is different. Ire therapy can promote cell death by infecting the outer membrane of cells, while hfire can promote nuclear collapse. Because the therapy can target the nucleus, the researchers hypothesize that Malignant cells with larger nuclei may have lower thresholds than normal cells.
  In later studies, researchers will determine the mechanism of selective hfire ablation through in vivo experiments. The researchers believe that the combination of this therapy and other therapies may be more effective in killing invasive glioblastoma cells, thus bringing greater health benefits to patients.
  Source:
  Jill W. Ivey, Eduardo L. Latouche,et al.Targeted cellular ablation based on the morphology of malignant cells.Scientific Reports.2015

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